Chinese HSK 6 word list

岸 àn bank; shore; beach; coast 案例 ànlì case (of fraud, hepatitis, international cooperation etc); instance; example 按摩 ànmó to massage; massage 暗示 ànshì to hint; to suggest; hint; suggestion 昂贵 ángguì expensive; costly 白白 báibái in vain; to no purpose; for nothing; white 白领 báilǐng white-collar; white-collar worker 摆 bǎi to arrange; to exhibit; to move to and fro; a pendulum 摆放 bǎifàng to set up; to arrange; to lay out 百分点 bǎifēndiǎn percentage point 百货 bǎihuò general merchandise 摆脱 bǎituō to break away from; to cast off (old ideas etc); to get rid of 败 bài to defeat; to damage; to lose (to an opponent); to fail 拜访 bàifǎng to pay a visit; to call on 拜年 bàinián to pay a New Year call; to wish sb a Happy New Year 版 bǎn edition; version; page (of a newspaper); printing block 版本 bǎnběn version; edition; release 伴随 bànsuí to accompany; to follow; to occur together with; concomitant 扮演 bànyǎn to play the role of; to act 榜样 bǎngyàng model; example (for people to follow); (in reference to a person) role model 棒球 bàngqiú baseball 保管 bǎoguǎn to hold in safekeeping; to have in one's care; to guarantee; certainly; surely 保健 bǎojiàn to maintain in good health; health protection; health care 保暖 bǎonuǎn to keep warm 保修 bǎoxiū to promise to keep sth in good repair; guarantee; warranty 保障 bǎozhàng to ensure; to guarantee; to safeguard 爆 bào to explode; to burst; to stir-fry briefly; to quick-boil 爆发 bàofā to break out; to erupt; to explode; to burst out 报刊 bàokān newspapers and periodicals; the press 暴力 bàolì violence; force; violent 暴露 bàolù to expose; to reveal; to lay bare; also pr. [pu4 lu4] 报社 bàoshè newspaper (i.e. a company) 爆炸 bàozhà to explode; explosion; to blow up; to detonate 悲观 bēiguān pessimistic 悲剧 bēijù tragedy 悲伤 bēishāng sad; sorrowful 北极 běijí the North Pole; the north magnetic pole 北美洲 Běiměizhōu North America 被动 bèidòng passive 被迫 bèipò to be compelled; to be forced 背心 bèixīn sleeveless garment (vest, waistcoat, singlet, tank top etc) 备用 bèiyòng reserve; spare; alternate; backup 倍增 bèizēng to double; to redouble; to increase many times over; to multiply by a factor 奔跑 bēnpǎo to run 本能 běnnéng instinct 本身 běnshēn itself; in itself; per se 本土 běntǔ one's native country; native; local; metropolitan territory 逼 bī to force (sb to do sth); to compel; to press for; to extort 比方 bǐfang analogy; illustrative example; for instance 比重 bǐzhòng proportion; (physics) specific gravity 闭 bì to close; to stop up; to shut; to obstruct 避 bì to avoid; to shun; to flee; to escape 必修 bìxiū (of an academic course) required; compulsory 编 biān to edit; to compile; to weave; to make up (a story) 编辑 biānjí to edit; editor; to compile; compiler 编写 biānxiě to compile 遍地 biàndì everywhere; all over 便捷 biànjié convenient and fast 变质 biànzhì to degenerate; to deteriorate; (of food) to go bad; to go off 兵 bīng soldiers; a force; an army; weapons 病毒 bìngdú virus 播 bō to broadcast; to spread; to sow 播种 bōzhǒng to sow seeds 博览会 bólǎnhuì an exposition; an international fair 薄弱 bóruò weak; frail 脖子 bózi neck 不耐烦 bú nàifán impatient; to lose patience 不顾 búgù in spite of; regardless of 不料 búliào unexpectedly; to one's surprise 不适 búshì unwell; indisposed; out of sorts 不至于 búzhìyú unlikely to go so far as to; not as bad as 补 bǔ to repair; to patch; to mend; to make up for 捕 bǔ to catch; to seize; to capture 补偿 bǔcháng to compensate; to make up 补课 bǔkè to make up missed lesson; to reschedule a class 补贴 bǔtiē to subsidize; subsidy; allowance; to supplement (one's salary etc) 补习 bǔxí to take extra lessons in a cram school or with a private tutor 布 bù cloth; to declare; to announce; to spread 不安 bù’ān unpeaceful; unstable; uneasy; disturbed 不曾 bùcéng hasn't yet; hasn't ever 不成 bùchéng won't do; unable to; (at the end of a rhetorical question) can that be? 不得 bùdé must not; may not; not to be allowed; cannot 部队 bùduì army; armed forces; troops; force 不禁 bùjīn can't help (doing sth); can't refrain from 不时 bùshí from time to time; now and then; occasionally; frequently 部位 bùwèi part (esp. of the body, but also of a vegetable, e.g. the root, or a garment, e.g. the sleeve, etc) 不许 bùxǔ not to allow; must not; can't 不宜 bùyí not suitable; inadvisable; inappropriate 不已 bùyǐ (used after a verb) endlessly; incessantly 布置 bùzhì to arrange; to set up; to lay out; to assign (tasks, homework etc) 不止 bùzhǐ incessantly; without end; more than; not limited to 步骤 bùzhòu procedure; step 猜测 cāicè to guess; to conjecture; to surmise 财产 cáichǎn property; assets; estate 财富 cáifù wealth; riches 才华 cáihuá talent 才能 cáinéng talent; ability; capacity 财务 cáiwù financial affairs; finance 财物 cáiwù property; belongings 材质 cáizhì texture of timber; quality of material; material (that sth is made of) 踩 cǎi to step on; to tread; to stamp; to press a pedal 采购 cǎigòu to procure (for an enterprise etc); to purchase 彩虹 cǎihóng rainbow 采集 cǎijí to gather; to collect; to harvest 采纳 cǎinà to accept; to adopt 彩票 cǎipiào lottery ticket 参展 cānzhǎn to exhibit at or take part in a trade show etc 残疾 cánjí disabled; handicapped; deformity on a person or animal 仓库 cāngkù depot; storehouse; warehouse 草原 cǎoyuán grassland; prairie 侧 cè the side; to incline towards; to lean; inclined 策划 cèhuà to plot; to scheme; to bring about; to engineer 测量 cèliáng to measure; survey; to gauge; to determine 策略 cèlüè strategy; tactics; crafty; adroit 层次 céngcì layer; level; gradation; arrangement of ideas 层面 céngmiàn aspect; facet; level (political, psychological, spiritual etc) 叉 chā fork; pitchfork; prong; pick 差异 chāyì difference; discrepancy 插座 chāzuò socket; outlet 查询 cháxún to check; to inquire; to consult (a document etc); inquiry 拆除 chāichú to tear down; to demolish; to dismantle; to remove 产出 chǎnchū to produce (graduates, breast milk, toxic waste, creative ideas etc); output 产地 chǎndì source (of a product); place of origin; manufacturing location 肠 cháng intestines 长短 chángduǎn length; accident; mishap; right and wrong; good and bad; merits and demerits 常规 chángguī code of conduct; conventions; common practice; routine (medical procedure etc) 常年 chángnián all year round; for years on end; average year 长寿 chángshòu longevity; long-lived 常温 chángwēn room temperature; ordinary temperatures 场次 chǎngcì the number of showings of a movie, play etc; screening; performance 场地 chǎngdì space; site; place; sports pitch 场馆 chǎngguǎn sporting venue; arena 场合 chǎnghé occasion; situation; context; setting; venue 厂家 chǎngjiā factory; manufacturer; (coll.) a factory owner; the factory management 场景 chǎngjǐng scene; scenario; situation; setting 场面 chǎngmiàn scene; spectacle; occasion; situation 厂商 chǎngshāng manufacturer; producer 畅通 chàngtōng unobstructed; unimpeded; free-flowing; smooth 畅销 chàngxiāo to sell well; bestselling; chart-topping 抄 chāo to make a copy; to plagiarize; to search and seize; to raid 超越 chāoyuè to surpass; to exceed; to transcend 朝代 cháodài dynasty; reign (of a king) 潮流 cháoliú tide; current; trend 潮湿 cháoshī damp; moist 嘲笑 cháoxiào to jeer at; to deride; to ridicule; mockery 炒股 chǎogǔ (coll.) to speculate in stocks 吵架 chǎojià to quarrel; to have a row; quarrel 撤回 chèhuí to recall; to revoke; to retract 撤销 chèxiāo to cancel; to revoke; to rescind; (computing) to undo 沉重 chénzhòng heavy; hard; serious; critical 趁 chèn while; taking advantage of (the time or chance) 撑 chēng to support; to prop up; to push or move with a pole; to maintain 称号 chēnghào name; term of address; title 称呼 chēnghu to call; to address as; form of address; appellation 称作 chēngzuò to be called; to be known as 成 chéng one-tenth (as in 三成, 30%); to become; to succeed 盛 chéng to hold; to contain; to ladle; to pick up with a utensil 承办 chéngbàn to undertake; to accept a contract 惩罚 chéngfá to punish; penalty; punishment 成交 chéngjiāo to complete a contract; to reach a deal 承诺 chéngnuò to promise; to undertake to do something; commitment 成千上万 chéngqiān-shàngwàn (lit.) by the thousands and tens of thousands (idiom) 呈现 chéngxiàn to appear; to emerge; to present (a certain appearance); to demonstrate 成效 chéngxiào effect; result 诚信 chéngxìn honesty; trustworthiness; good faith 成语 chéngyǔ Chinese set expression, typically of 4 characters, often alluding to a story or historical quotation; idiom; proverb; saying; adage 城镇 chéngzhèn town; cities and towns 持久 chíjiǔ lasting; enduring; persistent; permanent 持有 chíyǒu to hold (passport, views etc) 尺 chǐ a Chinese foot; one-third of a meter; a ruler; a tape-measure 尺寸 chǐcùn size; dimensions; measurements (esp. of clothes); (coll.) propriety 冲动 chōngdòng impulse; urge; to have an urge; to be impetuous 冲击 chōngjī to attack; to batter; (of waves) to pound against; shock 充实 chōngshí rich; to enrich; full; substantial 冲突 chōngtū to conflict; conflict; clash of opposing forces; collision (of interests) 崇拜 chóngbài to worship; adoration 重建 chóngjiàn to rebuild; to reconstruct; to reestablish 抽奖 chōujiǎng to draw a prize; a lottery; a raffle 抽象 chōuxiàng abstract; abstraction 愁 chóu to worry about 筹备 chóubèi to get ready for sth; preparations 初步 chūbù initial; preliminary; tentative 出场 chūchǎng (of a performer) to come onto the stage to perform 初等 chūděng elementary (i.e. easy) 出境 chūjìng to leave a country or region; outbound (tourism) 出力 chūlì to exert oneself 出名 chūmíng well-known for sth; to become well known; to make one's mark 出入 chūrù entrance and exit; to go out and come in; expenditure and income; discrepancy 出示 chūshì to show; to take out and show to others; to display 出游 chūyóu to go on a tour; to have an outing 出于 chūyú to stem from; due to 除 chú except; besides; to remove; to get rid of; (math) to divide 除非 chúfēi only if (..., or otherwise, ...); only when; only in the case that; unless 储存 chǔcún to store; stockpile; to stockpile; storage 处罚 chǔfá to penalize; to punish 储蓄 chǔxù to save money (in a bank); savings 处处 chùchù everywhere; in all respects 穿过 chuānguò to pass through 传承 chuánchéng to pass on (to future generations); passed on (from former times) 传达 chuándá to pass on; to convey; to relay; to transmit 传染 chuánrǎn to infect; contagious 传染病 chuánrǎnbìng infectious disease; contagious disease; communicable disease 传授 chuánshòu to impart; to pass on; to teach 传输 chuánshū to transmit; transmission 传真 chuánzhēn fax; to fax 船只 chuánzhī ship; boat; vessel 串 chuàn string; to string together; to skewer; to connect wrongly 窗口 chuāngkǒu window; opening providing restricted access (e.g. customer service window) 闯 chuǎng to rush; to charge; to dash; to break through 创办 chuàngbàn to establish; to found 创建 chuàngjiàn to found; to establish 创立 chuànglì to establish; to set up; to found 创意 chuàngyì creative; creativity 垂直 chuízhí perpendicular; vertical 纯 chún pure; simple; unmixed; genuine 瓷器 cíqì chinaware; porcelain 此刻 cǐkè this moment; now; at present 刺 cì to prick; thorn; sting; thrust 次数 cìshù number of times; frequency; order number (in a series); power (math.) 匆匆 cōngcōng hurriedly 匆忙 cōngmáng hasty; hurried 从未 cóngwèi never 从业 cóngyè to practice (a trade) 醋 cù vinegar; jealousy (in love rivalry) 脆 cuì brittle; fragile; crisp; crunchy 脆弱 cuìruò weak; frail 村庄 cūnzhuāng village; hamlet 存储 cúnchǔ to store up; to stockpile; (computer) to save; to store 寸 cùn a unit of length; inch; thumb 挫折 cuòzhé to frustrate; setback; reverse; check 搭 dā to put up; to build (scaffolding); to hang (clothes on a pole); to connect 搭配 dāpèi to pair up; to match; to arrange in pairs; to add sth into a group 答复 dáfù to answer; to reply; Reply to: (in email header) 打交道 dǎ jiāodao to come into contact with; to have dealings 打动 dǎdòng to move (to pity); arousing (sympathy); touching 打击 dǎjī to hit; to strike; to attack; to crack down on sth 打架 dǎjià to fight; to scuffle; to come to blows 打卡 dǎkǎ (of an employee) to clock on (or off); to punch in (or out) 打雷 dǎléi to rumble with thunder; clap of thunder 打造 dǎzào to forge (metal); (fig.) to create; to build; to develop 打仗 dǎzhàng to fight a battle; to go to war 大臣 dàchén chancellor (of a monarchy); cabinet minister 大吃一惊 dàchī-yìjīng (idiom) astounded; flabbergasted; taken aback 大地 dàdì earth; mother earth 大都 dàdū for the most part; on the whole; metropolitan 大方 dàfang generous; magnanimous; stylish; in good taste 大幅 dàfú large-format (picture, banner, photo etc); substantially; by a wide margin 大伙儿 dàhuǒr everyone; all of us; all of you 大使 dàshǐ ambassador; envoy 大师 dàshī great master; master 大洋洲 Dàyángzhōu Oceania 大致 dàzhì more or less; roughly; approximately 呆 dāi foolish; stupid; expressionless; blank 代价 dàijià price; cost; consideration (in share dealing) 贷款 dàikuǎn to provide a loan (e.g. bank); a loan; to raise a loan (from e.g. a bank) 代理 dàilǐ to act on behalf of sb in a responsible position; to act as an agent or proxy 带领 dàilǐng to guide; to lead 单纯 dānchún simple; pure; unsophisticated; merely 单调 dāndiào monotonous 耽误 dānwu to delay; to hold up; to waste time; to interfere with 担忧 dānyōu to worry; to be concerned 蛋白质 dànbáizhì protein 诞生 dànshēng to be born 当场 dāngchǎng at the scene; on the spot 当初 dāngchū at that time; originally 当代 dāngdài the present age; the contemporary era 当今 dāngjīn the present time 当面 dāngmiàn to sb's face; in sb's presence 当下 dāngxià immediately; at once; at that moment; at the moment 当选 dāngxuǎn to be elected; to be selected 档案 dàng’àn file; record; archive 当天 dàngtiān the same day 岛 dǎo island 倒闭 dǎobì to go bankrupt; to close down 倒车 dǎochē to change buses, trains etc 导师 dǎoshī tutor; teacher; academic advisor 道德 dàodé virtue; morality; ethics 倒是 dàoshì contrary to what one might expect; actually; contrariwise; why don't you 得了 déle all right!; that's enough! 得以 déyǐ able to; so that sb can; enabling; in order to 得知 dézhī to find out; to learn of 灯笼 dēnglong lantern 等级 děngjí grade; rank; status 滴 dī to drip; classifier for drops of liquid; to let drip; to apply (eye drops etc) 低碳 dītàn (attributive) low-carbon; low-carb (diet) 抵达 dǐdá to arrive; to reach (a destination) 抵抗 dǐkàng to resist; resistance 地道 dìdao authentic; genuine; proper 地形 dìxíng topography; terrain; landform 地域 dìyù area; district; region 地质 dìzhì geology 点击 diǎnjī to hit; to press; to strike (on the keyboard); to click (a web page button) 典礼 diǎnlǐ ceremony; celebration 点燃 diǎnrán to ignite; to set on fire; aflame 典型 diǎnxíng model; typical case; archetype; typical 电饭锅 diànfànguō electric rice cooker 电力 diànlì electrical power; electricity 店铺 diànpù store; shop 电源 diànyuán electric power source 吊 diào to suspend; to hang up; to hang a person 调动 diàodòng to transfer; to maneuver (troops etc); movement of personnel; to mobilize 钓鱼 diàoyú to fish (with line and hook); to angle; (fig.) to entrap 跌 diē to fall; to tumble; to trip; (of prices etc) to drop 顶 dǐng apex; to carry on the head; classifier for headwear, hats, veils etc; top 订单 dìngdān (purchase) order 订婚 dìnghūn to get engaged 定价 dìngjià to set a price; to fix a price 定时 dìngshí to fix a time; fixed time; timed (of explosive etc) 定位 dìngwèi to orientate; positioning; to position; to categorize (as) 定义 dìngyì definition; to define 定制 dìngzhì to have sth custom made; custom-made; made-to-order 栋 dòng classifier for houses or buildings; ridgepole (old) 动机 dòngjī motive; motivation 动力 dònglì motive power; (fig.) motivation; impetus 动漫 dòngmàn cartoons and comics; anime and manga; cartoon (animated movie); anime 动态 dòngtài movement; motion; development; trend 动听 dòngtīng pleasant to listen to 逗 dòu to tease (playfully); to entice; (coll.) to joke; (coll.) funny; amusing 斗争 dòuzhēng a struggle; fight; battle 都市 dūshì city; metropolis 毒 dú poison; to poison; poisonous; malicious 渡 dù to cross; to pass through; to ferry 端 duān to hold sth level with both hands; to carry; (bound form) tip; end; extremity 短缺 duǎnquē shortage 对称 duìchèn symmetry; symmetrical 对接 duìjiē to join up; to dock; a joint (between components) 对抗 duìkàng to withstand; to resist; to stand off; antagonism 对立 duìlì to oppose; to set sth against; to be antagonistic to; antithetical 对应 duìyìng to correspond (to); to be equivalent to; to be a counterpart to 蹲 dūn to crouch; to squat; to stay (somewhere) 顿时 dùnshí immediately; suddenly 多才多艺 duōcái-duōyì multitalented 多亏 duōkuī thanks to; luckily 多媒体 duōméitǐ multimedia 多余 duōyú superfluous; unnecessary; surplus 多元 duōyuán poly-; multi-; multielement; multivariant 夺 duó to seize; to take away forcibly; to wrest control of; to compete or strive for 夺取 duóqǔ to seize; to capture; to wrest control of 躲避 duǒbì to hide; to evade; to dodge; to take shelter 恶心 ěxin nausea; to feel sick; disgust; nauseating 恶劣 èliè vile; nasty; of very poor quality 儿科 érkē pediatrics 耳环 ěrhuán earring 二氧化碳 èryǎnghuàtàn carbon dioxide CO2 发病 fābìng (of an illness) to occur; (of a person) to get sick; to fall ill 发愁 fāchóu to worry; to fret; to be anxious; to become sad 发电 fādiàn to generate electricity; to send a telegram 发动 fādòng to start; to launch; to unleash; to mobilize 发放 fāfàng to provide; to give; to grant 发光 fāguāng to emit light; to shine; to glow; to glisten; to be luminous 发票 fāpiào invoice; receipt; bill 发行 fāxíng to publish; to issue; to release; to distribute 发炎 fāyán to become inflamed; inflammation 发育 fāyù to develop; to mature; growth; development 法定 fǎdìng statutory; law-based; legal 法官 fǎguān judge (in court) 法规 fǎguī legislation; statute 番 fān classifier for processes or actions that take time and effort 繁忙 fánmáng busy; bustling 凡是 fánshì each and every; every; all; any 繁殖 fánzhí to breed; to reproduce; to propagate 反馈 fǎnkuì to send back information; feedback 反思 fǎnsī to think back over sth; to review; to revisit; to rethink 犯 fàn to violate; to offend; to assault; criminal 方方面面 fāngfāngmiànmiàn all sides; all aspects; multifaceted 方位 fāngwèi direction; points of the compass; bearing; position 方言 fāngyán topolect; dialect 妨碍 fáng’ài to hinder; to obstruct 房价 fángjià house price; cost of housing 防治 fángzhì to prevent and cure; prevention and cure 访谈 fǎngtán to visit and discuss; to interview 放大 fàngdà to enlarge; to magnify 放飞 fàngfēi to allow to fly 飞速 fēisù swift; rapidly 肥 féi fat; to fertilize; fertile; loose-fitting or large 肥胖 féipàng fat; obese 肥沃 féiwò fertile 肺 fèi lung 肺炎 fèiyán pneumonia; inflammation of the lungs 分工 fēngōng to divide up the work; division of labor 分级 fēnjí to rank; to grade; to classify; rank 分期 fēnqī by stages; staggered; step by step; in installments 分散 fēnsàn to scatter; to disperse; to distribute 氛围 fēnwéi ambience; atmosphere 粉 fěn powder; cosmetic face powder; to turn to powder; white 愤怒 fènnù angry; indignant; wrath; ire 封闭 fēngbì to close; to seal off; to close down (an illegal venue) 风光 fēngguāng scene; view; sight; landscape 风力 fēnglì wind force; wind power 丰收 fēngshōu to reap a bumper harvest 风雨 fēngyǔ wind and rain; the elements; (fig.) trials and hardships 奉献 fèngxiàn to offer respectfully; to consecrate; to dedicate; to devote 夫人 fūrén lady; madam; Mrs. 服 fú to obey; to be convinced; to take (medicine); to serve 浮 fú to float; superficial; floating; unstable 服从 fúcóng to obey (an order); to comply; to defer 幅度 fúdù width; extent; range; scope 符号 fúhào symbol; mark; sign 福利 fúlì benefit (provided by an employer or organization); (social) welfare 服用 fúyòng to take (medicine) 辅导 fǔdǎo to guide; to mentor; to counsel; to coach; to tutor 辅助 fǔzhù to assist; to aid; supplementary; auxiliary 覆盖 fùgài to cover 附件 fùjiàn appendix (in a document); enclosure (accompanying a document); (anatomy) adnexa 负面 fùmiàn negative; the negative side 富裕 fùyù prosperous; well-to-do; well-off 赋予 fùyǔ to assign; to entrust (a task); to give; to bestow 改编 gǎibiān to adapt; to rearrange; to revise 改造 gǎizào to transform; to reform; to remodel; to remold 概率 gàilǜ probability (math.) 肝 gān liver (CL:葉|叶[ye4]) 干脆 gāncuì candid; direct and to the point; simply; just 尴尬 gāngà awkward; embarrassed 干旱 gānhàn drought; (of land, climate etc) arid; dry 干扰 gānrǎo to disturb; to interfere; perturbation; interference (physics) 干燥 gānzào (of weather, climate, soil etc) dry; arid; (of skin, mouth etc) dry 感激 gǎnjī to be grateful; to appreciate; thankful 赶忙 gǎnmáng to hurry; to hasten; to make haste 感染 gǎnrǎn to infect; infection; (fig.) to influence 感想 gǎnxiǎng impressions; reflections; thoughts 钢笔 gāngbǐ fountain pen 港口 gǎngkǒu port; harbor 岗位 gǎngwèi a post; a job 高层 gāocéng high-rise; high level; high class 高超 gāochāo excellent; superlative 高等 gāoděng high-level; higher (animals, education etc); advanced (math etc) 高端 gāoduān high-end 高峰 gāofēng peak; summit; height 高尚 gāoshàng noble; lofty; refined; exquisite 高手 gāoshǒu expert; past master; dab hand 高新技术 gāoxīn-jìshù high tech; high technology 高原 gāoyuán plateau 稿件 gǎojiàn piece of writing submitted for publication; manuscript; article 稿子 gǎozi draft of a document; script; manuscript; mental plan 割 gē to cut; to cut apart 歌唱 gēchàng to sing 隔壁 gébì next door; neighbor 革命 gémìng to withdraw the mandate of heaven (and transition to a new dynasty) (original meaning) 个体 gètǐ an individual 给予 jǐyǔ (literary) to give; to accord; to render 跟前 gēnqián the front (of); (in) front; (in) sb's presence; just before (a date) 跟随 gēnsuí to follow 跟踪 gēnzōng to follow sb's tracks; to tail; to shadow; tracking 公 gōng public; collectively owned; common; make public 宫 gōng palace; temple 公安 gōng’ān (Ministry of) Public Security; public safety; public security 工地 gōngdì construction site 工夫 gōngfu period of time (may be months, or mere seconds); spare time; skill; labor 公告 gōnggào post; announcement 供给 gōngjǐ to furnish; to provide; supply (as in supply and demand) 攻击 gōngjī to attack; to accuse; to charge; an attack (terrorist or military) 公开 gōngkāi open; overt; public; to make public; to release 公民 gōngmín citizen 公认 gōngrèn publicly known (to be); accepted (as) 功效 gōngxiào efficacy 工序 gōngxù working procedure; process 公益 gōngyì public good; public welfare; public interest 供应 gōngyìng to supply; to provide (goods, services etc) 公元 gōngyuán CE (Common Era); Christian Era; AD (Anno Domini) 公正 gōngzhèng just; fair; equitable 公众 gōngzhòng public 公主 gōngzhǔ princess 巩固 gǒnggù firm; solid; stable; to consolidate; to strengthen 共计 gòngjì to sum up to; to total 沟 gōu ditch; gutter; groove; gully 构造 gòuzào structure; composition; tectonic (geology) 孤独 gūdú lonely; solitary 姑姑 gūgu paternal aunt 古典 gǔdiǎn classical 古迹 gǔjì place of historic interest; historical site 股票 gǔpiào share certificate; stock (finance) 古人 gǔrén people of ancient times; the ancients; (literary) deceased person 股市 gǔshì stock market 骨头 gǔtou bone; moral character; bitterness; Taiwan pr. [gu2 tou5] 鼓舞 gǔwǔ to inspire; to encourage; to hearten; to boost (morale) 顾 gù to look after; to take into consideration; to attend to 固体 gùtǐ solid 顾问 gùwèn adviser; consultant 故障 gùzhàng malfunction; breakdown; defect; shortcoming 拐 guǎi to turn (a corner etc); to kidnap; to swindle; to misappropriate 拐弯 guǎiwān to go round a curve; to turn a corner; fig. a new direction 官 guān government official; governmental; official; public 关爱 guān’ài to show concern and care for 官方 guānfāng government; official (approved or issued by an authority) 观光 guānguāng to tour; sightseeing; tourism 关怀 guānhuái to show care for; care; solicitude; concerned about 关联 guānlián to be related; to be connected; relationship; connection 观赏 guānshǎng to look at sth with pleasure; to watch (sth marvelous); ornamental 官员 guānyuán official (in an organization or government); administrator 管道 guǎndào tubing; pipeline; (fig.) channel; means 罐 guàn can; jar; pot 广阔 guǎngkuò wide; vast 归 guī to return; to go back to; to give back to; to belong to 规范 guīfàn norm; standard; to fix rules; specification 规划 guīhuà a plan; a program; to draw up a plan; to map out a program 归还 guīhuán to return sth; to revert 规矩 guīju lit. compass and set square; fig. established standard; rule; customs 轨道 guǐdào track (for trains etc); orbit (of a satellite); (audio engineering) track 跪 guì to kneel 贵重 guìzhòng precious 棍 gùn stick; rod; truncheon; scoundrel; villain 国宝 guóbǎo national treasure 国产 guóchǎn domestically produced 国歌 guógē national anthem 国旗 guóqí flag (of a country) 国情 guóqíng the characteristics and circumstances particular to a country 国王 guówáng king 过渡 guòdù to cross over (by ferry); transition; interim; caretaker (administration) 过后 guòhòu after the event 过时 guòshí to be later than the time stipulated or agreed upon; old-fashioned; out of date 海内外 hǎi nèiwài domestic and international; at home and abroad 海岸 hǎi’àn coastal; seacoast 海拔 hǎibá height above sea level; elevation 海面 hǎimiàn the surface of the sea; ocean surface 海域 hǎiyù sea area; territorial waters; maritime space 害 hài harm; to do harm to; to cause trouble to; evil 寒冬 hándōng cold winter 含义 hányì meaning (implicit in a phrase); implied meaning; hidden meaning; hint 罕见 hǎnjiàn rare; rarely seen 旱灾 hànzāi drought 航空 hángkōng aviation 毫不 háo bù hardly; not in the least; not at all 毫无 háo wú not in the least; to completely lack 毫米 háomǐ millimeter 毫升 háoshēng milliliter 好不 hǎobù not at all ...; how very ... 好感 hǎogǎn good opinion; favorable impression 好容易 hǎoróngyì (idiomatic usage) with great difficulty; (literal usage) so easy 好客 hàokè hospitality; to treat guests well; to enjoy having guests; hospitable 好学 hàoxué eager to study; studious; erudite 号召 hàozhào to call; to appeal 合并 hébìng to merge; to annex 合成 héchéng to compose; to constitute; compound; synthesis 和平 hépíng peace; peaceful 和谐 héxié harmonious; harmony; (euphemism) to censor 核心 héxīn core; nucleus 嘿 hēi hey 黑暗 hēi’àn dark; darkly; darkness 痕迹 hénjì vestige; mark; trace 狠 hěn ruthless; fierce; ferocious; to harden (one's heart); determined; resolute 恨 hèn to hate; to regret 横 héng horizontal; to place (sth) flat (on a surface); across; crosswise 衡量 héngliáng to weigh; to examine; to consider 宏大 hóngdà great; grand 洪水 hóngshuǐ deluge; flood 后代 hòudài descendant; progeny; posterity; later ages; later generations 后期 hòuqī late stage; later period 后人 hòurén later generation 后退 hòutuì to recoil; to draw back; to fall back; to retreat 后者 hòuzhě the latter 忽略 hūlüè to neglect; to overlook; to ignore 壶 hú pot; classifier for bottled liquid 胡子 húzi beard; mustache or whiskers; facial hair; (coll.) bandit 户 hù a household; door; family 互助 hùzhù to help each other 花朵 huāduǒ flower 花生 huāshēng peanut 滑冰 huábīng to skate; skating 滑行 huáxíng to slide; to coast; to glide; (of an aircraft) to taxi 滑雪 huáxuě to ski; skiing 划分 huàfēn to divide up; to partition; to differentiate 化石 huàshí fossil 话筒 huàtǒng microphone; (telephone) receiver; handset; megaphone 化妆 huàzhuāng to put on makeup 怀 huái bosom; to think of; heart; mind 怀念 huáiniàn to cherish the memory of; to think of; to reminisce 怀孕 huáiyùn to have conceived; pregnant; gestation; pregnancy 欢乐 huānlè gaiety; gladness; glee; merriment 环 huán ring; classifier for scores in archery etc; to surround; hoop 还原 huányuán to restore to the original state; to reconstruct (an event) 患 huàn to suffer (from illness); to contract (a disease); misfortune; trouble 幻想 huànxiǎng to fantasize; to imagine; an illusion; a fantasy 患者 huànzhě patient; sufferer 黄 huáng yellow; pornographic; to fall through 皇帝 huángdì emperor 灰尘 huīchén dust 灰心 huīxīn to lose heart; to be discouraged 回报 huíbào to report back; (in) return; reciprocation; payback 回顾 huígù to look back; to review 回头 huítóu to turn round; to turn one's head; later; by and by 汇 huì to remit; to converge (of rivers); to exchange; class 汇报 huìbào to report; to give an account of; to collect information and report back; report 绘画 huìhuà to draw; to paint 会见 huìjiàn to meet with (sb who is paying a visit) 汇款 huìkuǎn to remit money; remittance 婚姻 hūnyīn marriage; matrimony 混 hùn to mix; to mingle; muddled; to drift along 混合 hùnhé to mix; to blend; hybrid; composite 混乱 hùnluàn confused; chaotic; disorderly 活力 huólì energy; vitality; vigor; vital force 活跃 huóyuè active; to enliven; lively; excited 火柴 huǒchái match (for lighting fire) 火灾 huǒzāi serious fire (in a city or a forest etc) 货币 huòbì currency; monetary; money 货车 huòchē truck; van; freight wagon 击败 jībài to defeat; to beat 基地 jīdì base (of operations, industrial, military, research etc) 机动车 jīdòngchē motor vehicle 饥饿 jī’è hunger; starvation; famine 激发 jīfā to arouse; to stimulate; (physics) to excite 基金 jījīn fund 激励 jīlì to encourage; to urge; motivation; incentive 激情 jīqíng passion; fervor; enthusiasm; strong emotion 机械 jīxiè machine; machinery; mechanical; scheming 基因 jīyīn gene (loanword) 机遇 jīyù opportunity; favorable turn of events; stroke of luck 机制 jīzhì mechanism 即便 jíbiàn even if; even though; right away; immediately 极端 jíduān extreme 急救 jíjiù to give emergency treatment; first aid 急切 jíqiè eager; impatient 集团 jítuán group; bloc; corporation; conglomerate 极为 jíwéi extremely; exceedingly 吉祥 jíxiáng lucky; auspicious; propitious 继承 jìchéng to inherit; to succeed to (the throne etc); to carry on (a tradition etc) 季军 jìjūn third in a race; bronze medalist 纪律 jìlǜ discipline 寂寞 jìmò lonely; lonesome; (of a place) quiet; silent 技巧 jìqiǎo skill; technique 技艺 jìyì skill; art 夹 jiā to press from either side; to place in between; to sandwich; wedged between 加倍 jiābèi to double; to redouble 家常 jiācháng the daily life of a family 家家户户 jiājiāhùhù each and every family (idiom); every household 加剧 jiājù to intensify 家居 jiājū home; residence; to stay at home (unemployed) 家属 jiāshǔ family member; (family) dependent 加以 jiāyǐ (formal) to apply; to carry out; to take action to (do sth) (used before a disyllabic verb, indicating that the action is directed at sth previously mentioned, e.g. 加以說明|加以说明[jia1 yi3 shuo1 ming2]); to apply (restrictions etc); to give (support, consideration etc) 家园 jiāyuán home; homeland 加重 jiāzhòng to make heavier; to emphasize; (of an illness etc) to become more serious 假设 jiǎshè to suppose; supposing that ...; to presume; to assume 嫁 jià to marry off a daughter; (of a woman) to marry; to shift (blame etc) 尖 jiān pointed; tapering; sharp; (of a sound) shrill; piercing; sharp point; tip 肩膀 jiānbǎng shoulder 监测 jiāncè to monitor 坚定 jiāndìng firm; steady; staunch; resolute 监督 jiāndū to supervise; to oversee; to inspect 坚固 jiāngù firm; firmly; hard; stable 坚决 jiānjué firm; resolute; determined 艰难 jiānnán difficult; arduous; hard 艰辛 jiānxīn hardships; arduous; difficult 坚硬 jiānyìng hard; solid 兼职 jiānzhí to hold concurrent posts; concurrent job; moonlighting 检测 jiǎncè to test; to detect 简化 jiǎnhuà to simplify 简介 jiǎnjiè summary; brief introduction 减弱 jiǎnruò to weaken; to diminish 减压 jiǎnyā to reduce pressure; to relax 检验 jiǎnyàn to inspect; to examine; to test 剑 jiàn double-edged sword; classifier for blows of a sword 箭 jiàn arrow 鉴定 jiàndìng to examine sth to determine its authenticity, quality, value etc; to appraise; to evaluate; to authenticate 间隔 jiàngé gap; to divide; interval; compartment 间接 jiànjiē indirectly; indirect 健全 jiànquán robust; sound 建筑物 jiànzhùwù building; structure; edifice 将军 jiāngjūn general; high-ranking military officer; to check or checkmate; fig. to embarrass 讲解 jiǎngjiě to explain 奖牌 jiǎngpái medal (awarded as a prize) 奖品 jiǎngpǐn award; prize 酱 jiàng sauce; paste; jam; (cooked) in soy sauce 酱油 jiàngyóu soy sauce 胶带 jiāodài adhesive tape; magnetic tape 焦点 jiāodiǎn (lit. and fig.) focal point; focus 交际 jiāojì communication; social intercourse 焦虑 jiāolǜ anxious; worried; apprehensive 胶水 jiāoshuǐ glue 交谈 jiāotán to discuss; to converse; chat; discussion 郊外 jiāowài outskirts 角落 jiǎoluò corner (of a room, courtyard etc); (fig.) remote spot; nook 脚印 jiǎoyìn footprint 较为 jiàowéi comparatively; relatively; fairly 教训 jiàoxùn to provide guidance; to lecture sb; to upbraid; a talking-to; a bitter lesson 接连 jiēlián on end; in a row; in succession 结实 jiēshi rugged; sturdy; strong; durable 街头 jiētóu street 杰出 jiéchū outstanding; distinguished; remarkable; prominent 节能 jiénéng to conserve energy; to minimize energy consumption 结尾 jiéwěi to wind up; ending; coda 截至 jiézhì up to (a time); by (a time) 截止 jiézhǐ to end; to close; (electricity) cut-off 节奏 jiézòu rhythm; tempo; musical pulse; cadence 解 jiě to untie; to undo; to solve; to explain; to relieve 解答 jiědá to solve (a problem); to resolve (a difficulty); to provide an answer; solution 解读 jiědú to decipher; to decode; to interpret 解放 jiěfàng to liberate; to emancipate; liberation 解说 jiěshuō to explain (verbally); to give a running commentary 借鉴 jièjiàn to draw on (others' experience); to learn from (how others do things) 戒指 jièzhi (finger) ring 借助 jièzhù to draw support from; with the help of 金额 jīn’é sum of money; amount of money 金牌 jīnpái gold medal 金钱 jīnqián money; currency 金融 jīnróng banking; finance; financial 金属 jīnshǔ metal 金子 jīnzi gold 尽 jìn to use up; to exhaust; to end; to finish 进而 jìn’ér and then; and thereby; and in turn 进度 jìndù rate of progress 进化 jìnhuà to evolve (biologically, technologically etc); evolution 近来 jìnlái recently; lately 近视 jìnshì myopic; nearsighted; (fig.) shortsighted 进展 jìnzhǎn to make headway; to make progress 精美 jīngměi exquisite; elegant; fine 精确 jīngquè accurate; precise 惊人 jīngrén astonishing 经商 jīngshāng to trade; to carry out commercial activities; in business 精通 jīngtōng to be proficient in; to master (a subject) 精心 jīngxīn with utmost care; fine; meticulous; detailed 惊讶 jīngyà amazed; astonished; to surprise; amazing 精致 jīngzhì delicate; fine; exquisite; refined 精准 jīngzhǔn accurate; exact; precise; precision 井 jǐng a well 警告 jǐnggào to warn; to admonish 景观 jǐngguān landscape 景象 jǐngxiàng scene; sight (to behold) 颈椎 jǐngzhuī cervical vertebra 净 jìng clean; completely; only; net (income, exports etc) 竞赛 jìngsài to compete; to race; contest; competition; match; race 镜头 jìngtóu camera lens; camera shot (in a movie etc); scene 纠纷 jiūfēn dispute 纠正 jiūzhèng to correct; to make right 酒精 jiǔjīng (coll.) ethanol; ethyl alcohol 酒水 jiǔshuǐ alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages (e.g. on a menu) 就读 jiùdú to go to school 舅舅 jiùjiu mother's brother; maternal uncle (informal) 救命 jiùmìng to save sb's life; (interj.) Help!; Save me! 就算 jiùsuàn (coll.) even if 救援 jiùyuán to save; to support; to help; to assist 救灾 jiùzāi to relieve disaster; to help disaster victims 救助 jiùzhù to help sb in trouble; aid; assistance 局 jú classifier for games: game, set, round 菊花 júhuā chrysanthemum; (TCM) chrysanthemum flower; (slang) anus 局面 júmiàn aspect; phase; situation 局限 júxiàn to limit; to confine; to restrict sth within set boundaries 举动 jǔdòng act; action; activity; move 剧本 jùběn script; screenplay; scenario; libretto 聚集 jùjí to assemble; to gather 俱乐部 jùlèbù (loanword) club (the organization or its premises) 剧烈 jùliè violent; acute; severe; fierce 捐款 juānkuǎn to donate money; donation; to contribute funds; contribution (of money) 捐赠 juānzèng to contribute (as a gift); to donate; benefaction 卷 juǎn to roll up; a roll; classifier for rolls, spools etc 决策 juécè to determine policy; strategic decision; decision-making; policy decision 绝望 juéwàng to despair; to give up all hope; desperate; desperation 军队 jūnduì armed forces; troops 军人 jūnrén serviceman; soldier; military personnel 均匀 jūnyún even; well-distributed; homogeneous; well-proportioned (figure, body etc) 卡片 kǎpiàn card 开创 kāichuàng to initiate; to start; to found 开关 kāiguān power switch; gas valve; to open the city (or frontier) gate; to open and close 开启 kāiqǐ to start; to begin; to initiate (an era, process, journey etc) 开设 kāishè to offer (goods or services); to open (for business etc) 开头 kāitóu to start; beginning 砍 kǎn to chop; to cut down; to throw sth at sb 看不起 kànbuqǐ to look down upon; to despise 看待 kàndài to look upon; to regard 看得起 kàndeqǐ to show respect for; to think highly of 看好 kànhǎo to regard as having good prospects 看似 kànsì to look as if; to seem 看中 kànzhòng to have a preference for; to fancy; to choose after consideration; to settle on 看重 kànzhòng to regard as important; to value 康复 kāngfù to recuperate; to recover (health); to convalesce 考察 kǎochá to inspect; to observe and study; on-the-spot investigation 考古 kǎogǔ to engage in archaeological studies; archaeology 考核 kǎohé to examine; to check up on; to assess; to review 考验 kǎoyàn to test; to put to the test; trial; ordeal 科 kē department; section (in an organization); branch of study; subject 科幻 kēhuàn science fiction 科目 kēmù academic subject; field of study 科普 kēpǔ popular science; to popularize science 可口 kěkǒu tasty; to taste good 可怜 kělián pitiful; to have pity on; pathetic 渴望 kěwàng to thirst for; to long for 可行 kěxíng feasible 客车 kèchē coach; bus; passenger train 课题 kètí task; problem; issue 肯 kěn to agree; to consent; to be willing to 恐惧 kǒngjù fear; dread; to fear; to dread 空地 kòngdì vacant land; open space 空闲 kòngxián leisure; spare time; (of a person) free; unoccupied 口感 kǒugǎn mouthfeel; texture (of food) 口号 kǒuhào slogan; catchphrase 口腔 kǒuqiāng oral cavity 口头 kǒutóu oral; verbal 扣 kòu to deduct; to fasten; to button; to detain; button 枯燥 kūzào dry and dull; uninteresting; tedious 酷 kù cool (loanword); hip; cruel; extremely 夸 kuā to praise; to boast; to exaggerate 夸奖 kuājiǎng to praise; to applaud; to compliment 夸张 kuāzhāng overstated; exaggerated; to exaggerate; hyperbole 会计 kuàijì accountant; accountancy; accounting 快捷 kuàijié quick; fast; nimble; agile 款 kuǎn sum of money; funds; style; model (classifier for products) 款式 kuǎnshì pattern; style; design 亏损 kuīsǔn deficit; (financial) loss 困扰 kùnrǎo to perplex; to disturb; to cause complications 扩展 kuòzhǎn to extend; to expand; extension; expansion 辣椒 làjiāo hot pepper; chili 啦 la sentence-final particle, contraction of 了啊, indicating exclamation 来临 láilín to approach; to come closer 来往 láiwǎng to come and go; to have dealings with; to be in relation with 赖 lài to rely on; to blame (sb else); to refuse to leave; to deny (a debt); bad 拦 lán to block sb's path; to obstruct; to flag down (a taxi) 栏 lán fence; railing; hurdle; column or box (of text or other data) 兰花 lánhuā cymbidium; orchid 烂 làn soft; mushy; well-cooked and soft; to rot; to decompose; rotten 狼 láng wolf 朗读 lǎngdú to read aloud 牢 láo firm; secure; prison; jail 劳动力 láodònglì labor force; manpower 老实 lǎoshi honest; sincere; well-behaved; naive; gullible 老鼠 lǎoshǔ rat; mouse (CL:隻|只[zhi1]) 老太太 lǎotàitai elderly lady (respectful); esteemed mother 乐于 lèyú to take pleasure in; willing (to do sth) 雷 léi thunder; (bound form) (military) mine, as in 地雷[di4 lei2] land mine 类别 lèibié classification; category 理 lǐ to pay attention to; to tidy up; to manage; reason; logic 理财 lǐcái to manage wealth; to manage finances; money management 理科 lǐkē the sciences (as opposed to the humanities 文科[wen2 ke1]) 理念 lǐniàn idea; concept; philosophy; theory 理性 lǐxìng reason; rationality; rational 立 lì to stand; to set up; to establish; to lay down 粒 lì grain; granule; pellet; particle 立场 lìchǎng position; standpoint 力度 lìdù strength; vigor; efforts; (music) dynamics 历经 lìjīng to experience; to go through 历年 lìnián calendar year; over the years; bygone years 例外 lìwài to be an exception; exception 利息 lìxī interest (on a loan) 联合国 Liánhéguó United Nations 联网 liánwǎng to connect (or be connected) to a network; to network 联想 liánxiǎng to associate (cognitively); to make an associative connection 链接 liànjiē to link; to catenate; link (on a web page); hyperlink 两岸 liǎng’àn bilateral; both shores; both sides; both coasts 两极 liǎngjí the two poles; the north and south poles; both ends of sth 晾 liàng to dry in the air; (fig.) to cold-shoulder 料 liào material; ingredient; stuff; feed 淋 lín to sprinkle; to drip; to pour; to drench 凌晨 língchén very early in the morning; in the wee hours 流程 liúchéng course; stream; sequence of processes; work flow in manufacturing 流动 liúdòng to flow; to circulate; to move about; mobile; (of assets) liquid 浏览器 liúlǎnqì browser (software) 流量 liúliàng flow rate; throughput of passengers; volume of traffic; (hydrology) discharge 流入 liúrù to flow into; inflow 流通 liútōng to circulate; to distribute; circulation; distribution 楼道 lóudào corridor; passageway (in storied building) 露 lòu to show; to reveal; to betray; to expose 漏洞 lòudòng leak; hole; gap; loophole 路程 lùchéng route; path traveled; distance traveled; course (of development) 路况 lùkuàng road condition(s) (e.g. surface, traffic flow etc) 路面 lùmiàn road surface 录像 lùxiàng to videotape; video recording; to videorecord 录用 lùyòng to hire (an employee); to accept (a manuscript) for publication 录制 lùzhì to record (video or audio) 旅程 lǚchéng journey; trip 旅途 lǚtú journey; trip 履行 lǚxíng to fulfill (one's obligations); to carry out (a task); to perform 率 lǜ (bound form) ratio; rate; proportion 绿化 lǜhuà to make green with plants; to reforest; (Internet slang) Islamization 轮 lún to take turns; round (of talks, a competition); wheel; ring 轮船 lúnchuán steamship; steamer; steamboat 轮流 lúnliú to alternate; to take turns 轮椅 lúnyǐ wheelchair 轮子 lúnzi wheel; (derog.) Falun Gong practitioner 论坛 lùntán forum (for discussion) 落地 luòdì to fall to the ground; to be set on the ground; to reach to the ground 落后 luòhòu to fall behind; backward; to lag (in technology etc); to retrogress 马虎 mǎhu careless; sloppy; negligent; skimpy 码头 mǎtóu wharf; dock; quay; pier 蚂蚁 mǎyǐ ant 嘛 ma modal particle indicating that sth is obvious 埋 mái to bury 迈 mài to step; to stride; (bound form) old; elderly 麦克风 màikèfēng (loanword) microphone 漫长 màncháng very long; endless 漫画 mànhuà comics; cartoon; caricature 盲人 mángrén blind person 冒 mào to emit; to give off; to risk; to brave; to pretend to be 冒险 màoxiǎn to take risks; to take chances; foray; adventure 贸易 màoyì (commercial) trade 煤 méi coal 梅花 méihuā plum blossom; clubs ♣ (a suit in card games) 眉毛 méimao eyebrow 美观 měiguān pleasing to the eye; beautiful; artistic 弥补 míbǔ to complement; to make up for a deficiency 迷人 mírén fascinating; enchanting; charming; tempting 密 mì dense; close; thick; intimate; close; (bound form) secret; confidential 密度 mìdù density; concentration 蜜蜂 mìfēng bee; honeybee 密集 mìjí concentrated; crowded together; intensive; compressed 棉 mián cotton; cotton-padded 免 miǎn to excuse sb; to exempt; to remove or dismiss from office; to avoid 勉强 miǎnqiǎng reluctant; to do with difficulty; to force sb to do sth; barely enough 免税 miǎnshuì not liable to taxation (of monastery, imperial family etc); tax free 免疫 miǎnyì immunity (to disease) 面部 miànbù face (body part) 面粉 miànfěn flour 面子 miànzi outer surface; the outside of sth; social prestige; face 描绘 miáohuì to describe; to depict; to portray 描写 miáoxiě to describe; to depict; to portray; depiction; portrayal 妙 miào clever; wonderful 灭 miè to extinguish or put out; to go out (of a fire etc); to exterminate or wipe out 民歌 míngē folk song 民间 mínjiān among the people; popular; folk; non-governmental 民俗 mínsú popular custom 民宿 mínsù (orthographic borrowing from Japanese 民宿 "minshuku") property rented via Airbnb or similar platform; guesthouse; bed-and-breakfast; homestay; pension 民众 mínzhòng the populace; the masses; the common people 民主 mínzhǔ democracy; democratic 名额 míng’é quota; number of places; place (in an institution, a group etc) 明亮 míngliàng bright; shining; glittering; to become clear 明明 míngmíng obviously; plainly; undoubtedly; definitely 名气 míngqi reputation; fame 名胜 míngshèng a place famous for its scenery or historical relics; scenic spot 命令 mìnglìng order; command 命名 mìngmíng to give a name to; to dub; to christen; to designate 模仿 mófǎng to imitate; to copy; to emulate; to mimic 模拟 mónǐ to simulate; imitation; to imitate; analog (device, as opposed to digital) 模特儿 mótèr (fashion) model (loanword) 摩托车 mótuōchē (loanword) motorbike; motorcycle 模型 móxíng model; mold; matrix; pattern 默默 mòmò in silence; not speaking 模样 múyàng look; style; appearance; approximation 母 mǔ female (of animals); mother; origin 母语 mǔyǔ native language; mother tongue; (linguistics) parent language 木材 mùcái wood 目录 mùlù table of contents; catalog; (computing) directory 奶粉 nǎifěn powdered milk 难点 nándiǎn difficulty 南极洲 Nánjízhōu Antarctica 南美洲 Nánměizhōu South America 难免 nánmiǎn hard to avoid; difficult to escape from; will inevitably 脑袋 nǎodai head; skull; brains; mental capability 脑子 nǎozi brains; mind 内涵 nèihán meaningful content; implication; (semantics) connotation 内科 nèikē internal medicine; general medicine 内外 nèiwài inside and outside; domestic and foreign; approximately; about 内衣 nèiyī undergarment; underwear 能量 néngliàng energy; capabilities 能源 néngyuán energy sources; energy 泥 ní mud; clay; paste; pulp 年度 niándù year (e.g. school year, fiscal year); annual 年终 niánzhōng end of the year 念书 niànshū to read; to study; to attend school 扭 niǔ to turn; to twist; to wring; to sprain 农产品 nóngchǎnpǐn agricultural produce 浓厚 nónghòu dense; thick (fog, clouds etc); to have a strong interest in; deep 农田 nóngtián farmland; cultivated land 暖 nuǎn warm; to warm 暖气 nuǎnqì central heating; heater; warm air 偶像 ǒuxiàng idol 排除 páichú to eliminate; to remove; to exclude; to rule out 排放 páifàng to arrange in order; to emit; to discharge (exhaust gas, waste water etc) 排练 páiliàn to rehearse; rehearsal 排名 páimíng to rank (1st, 2nd etc); ranking 盘 pán classifier for things resembling a plate or dish; tray; plate; dish 盼望 pànwàng to hope for; to look forward to 庞大 pángdà huge; enormous; tremendous 抛 pāo to throw; to toss; to fling; to cast 泡 pào bubble; foam; to soak; to steep; to infuse; blister; to dawdle; to loiter 赔偿 péicháng to compensate 陪同 péitóng to accompany 培育 péiyù to train; to breed 配备 pèibèi to allocate; to provide; to outfit with 佩服 pèifú to admire 配套 pèitào to form a complete set; compatible; matching; complementary 喷 pēn to spout; to spurt; to spray; to puff 捧 pěng to hold or offer with both hands; classifier for what can be held in both hands 碰撞 pèngzhuàng to collide; collision 披 pī to drape over one's shoulders; to open; to unroll; to split open 皮 pí skin; peel; rind; outer layer; leather; hide; fur; (coll.) naughty; mischievous 疲劳 píláo fatigue; wearily; weariness; weary 片刻 piànkè short period of time; a moment 片面 piànmiàn unilateral; one-sided 骗子 piànzi swindler; a cheat 飘 piāo to float (in the air); to flutter; to waft; complacent; frivolous 漂 piāo to float; to drift 频道 píndào frequency; (television) channel 频繁 pínfán frequently; often 贫困 pínkùn impoverished; poverty 频率 pínlǜ frequency 品尝 pǐncháng to have a taste of; to sample 平等 píngděng equal; equality 平凡 píngfán commonplace; ordinary; mediocre 平方 píngfāng square (as in square foot, square mile, square root) 平方米 píngfāngmǐ square meter 评估 pínggū to evaluate; to assess; assessment; evaluation 评论 pínglùn to comment on; comment; to discuss; commentary 评选 píngxuǎn to select on the basis of a vote or consensus 坡 pō slope; hillside; sloping; inclined 泼 pō to splash; to spill; rough and coarse; brutish 破产 pòchǎn to go bankrupt; to become impoverished; bankruptcy 迫切 pòqiè urgent; pressing 扑 pū to throw oneself at; to pounce on; to devote one's energies; to flap 铺 pū to spread; to display; to set up 扑灭 pūmiè to eradicate; to extinguish 朴素 pǔsù plain and simple; unadorned; simple living; not frivolous 欺骗 qīpiàn to deceive; to cheat 期望 qīwàng to have expectations; to earnestly hope; expectation; hope 期限 qīxiàn time limit; deadline; allotted time 其间 qíjiān in between; within that interval; in the meantime 齐全 qíquán complete; comprehensive 棋子 qízǐ chess piece; (fig.) a pawn (used by others for their own purposes) 起初 qǐchū originally; at first; at the outset 起点 qǐdiǎn starting point 启动 qǐdòng to start (a machine); (fig.) to set in motion; to launch (an operation) 启发 qǐfā to enlighten; to explain (a text etc); to stimulate (a mental attitude) 启示 qǐshì to reveal; enlightenment; to enlighten; revelation 启事 qǐshì announcement (written, on billboard, letter, newspaper or website); a notice 起源 qǐyuán to originate; origin; to come from 气氛 qìfēn atmosphere; mood 气体 qìtǐ gas (i.e. gaseous substance) 气味 qìwèi odor; scent 气质 qìzhì personality traits; temperament; disposition; aura; air; feel; vibe 恰当 qiàdàng appropriate; suitable 恰好 qiàhǎo as it turns out; by lucky coincidence; (of number, time, size etc) just right 恰恰 qiàqià exactly; just; precisely; (loanword) cha-cha; cha-cha-cha (dance) 牵 qiān to lead along; to pull (an animal on a tether); (bound form) to involve 千家万户 qiānjiā-wànhù every family (idiom) 谦虚 qiānxū modest; to make modest remarks; self-effacing 前景 qiánjǐng foreground; vista; (future) prospects; perspective 潜力 qiánlì potential; latent capacity 前期 qiánqī preceding period; early stage 前提 qiántí premise; precondition; prerequisite 前者 qiánzhě the former (i.e. the one mentioned first) 枪 qiāng gun; firearm; rifle; spear 墙壁 qiángbì wall 强化 qiánghuà to strengthen; to intensify 强壮 qiángzhuàng strong; sturdy; robust 强迫 qiǎngpò to compel; to force 瞧 qiáo to look at; to see; to see (a doctor); to visit 桥梁 qiáoliáng bridge (lit. and fig.) 巧妙 qiǎomiào ingenious; clever; ingenuity; artifice 切实 qièshí feasible; realistic; practical; earnestly 亲密 qīnmì intimate; close 亲属 qīnshǔ kin; kindred; relatives 勤劳 qínláo hardworking; industrious; diligent 清 qīng (of water etc) clear; clean; to clear; to settle (accounts); quiet; still 清晨 qīngchén early morning 青春 qīngchūn youth; youthfulness 青春期 qīngchūnqī puberty; adolescence 清淡 qīngdàn light (of food, not greasy or strongly flavored); insipid; slack (sales) 清洁 qīngjié clean; to clean 清理 qīnglǐ to clear up; to tidy up; to dispose of 清扫 qīngsǎo to tidy up; to mop up; a sweep (against crime) 倾听 qīngtīng to listen attentively 清洗 qīngxǐ to wash; to rinse; to clean 清晰 qīngxī clear; distinct 倾向 qīngxiàng trend; tendency; orientation 清醒 qīngxǐng clear-headed; sober; awake 情节 qíngjié circumstances; plot; storyline 晴朗 qínglǎng sunny and cloudless 情形 qíngxing circumstances; situation; state of affairs 求 qiú to seek; to look for; to request; to demand 求婚 qiúhūn to propose marriage 求救 qiújiù to seek help (when in distress or having difficulties) 求职 qiúzhí to seek employment 求助 qiúzhù to request help; to appeal (for help) 区分 qūfēn to differentiate; to draw a distinction; to divide into categories 渠道 qúdào irrigation ditch; (fig.) channel; avenue 曲 qǔ tune; song 娶 qǔ to take a wife; to marry (a woman) 取代 qǔdài to replace; to supersede; to supplant; (chemistry) substitution 趣味 qùwèi fun; interest; delight; taste; liking; preference 圈 quān circle; ring; loop; to surround; to encircle; classifier for loops, orbits, laps 全程 quánchéng the whole distance; from beginning to end 权力 quánlì power; authority 券 quàn ticket; coupon; voucher; certificate 缺陷 quēxiàn defect; flaw 确立 quèlì to establish; to institute 群众 qúnzhòng mass; multitude; the masses 燃料 ránliào fuel 染 rǎn to dye; to catch (a disease); to acquire (bad habits etc); to contaminate 热点 rèdiǎn hot spot; point of special interest 热度 rèdù level of heat; (fig.) zeal; fervor 热门 rèmén popular; hot; in vogue 热水器 rèshuǐqì water heater 热线 rèxiàn hotline (communications link) 热议 rèyì to discuss passionately; heated debate 人工智能 réngōng zhìnéng artificial intelligence (AI) 人家 rénjia other people; sb else; he, she or they 人均 rénjūn per capita; averaged per person 人山人海 rénshān-rénhǎi (idiom) multitude; vast crowd 人士 rénshì person; figure; public figure 人事 rénshì personnel; human resources; human affairs; ways of the world 人为 rénwéi artificial; man-made; having human cause or origin; human attempt or effort 人行道 rénxíngdào sidewalk 忍受 rěnshòu to bear; to endure 认错 rèncuò to admit an error; to acknowledge one's mistake 认定 rèndìng to maintain (that sth is true); to determine (a fact); of the firm opinion 认可 rènkě to approve; approval; acknowledgment; OK 认同 rèntóng to approve of; to endorse; to acknowledge; to recognize 认知 rènzhī to be cognizant of; cognition; cognitive; understanding 仍旧 réngjiù still (remaining); to remain (the same); yet 日后 rìhòu sometime; someday (in the future) 日前 rìqián the other day; a few days ago 日夜 rìyè day and night; around the clock 日益 rìyì day by day; more and more; increasingly; more and more with each passing day 融合 rónghé to be in harmony with (nature); a mixture; an amalgam; fusion 融化 rónghuà to melt; to thaw; to dissolve; to blend into 容量 róngliàng capacity; volume; quantitative (science) 融入 róngrù to blend into; to integrate; to assimilate; to merge 荣誉 róngyù honor; credit; glory; (honorable) reputation 柔软 róuruǎn soft 入境 rùjìng to enter a country 入门 rùmén to enter a door; entrance door 入选 rùxuǎn to be included among those selected for 弱点 ruòdiǎn weak point; failing 撒 sǎ to scatter; to sprinkle; to spill 塞 sāi to plug; to stop up; to stuff in; (bound form) a stopper; a cork 赛事 sàishì competition (e.g. sporting) 散 sǎn to come loose; scattered; loose; to fall apart 散文 sǎnwén (broadly) prose (as opposed to verse) 散发 sànfā to distribute; to emit; to give off 嗓子 sǎngzi throat; voice 丧失 sàngshī to lose; to forfeit 扫描 sǎomiáo to scan 杀 shā to kill; to slay; to murder; to attack; to weaken; to reduce 刹车 shāchē to brake (when driving); a brake; to stop; to switch off 鲨鱼 shāyú shark 筛选 shāixuǎn to filter 山顶 shāndǐng hilltop 山峰 shānfēng (mountain) peak 山坡 shānpō hillside 闪 shǎn to flash; to sparkle; to dodge; to sprain 闪电 shǎndiàn lightning 商标 shāngbiāo trademark; logo 伤口 shāngkǒu wound; cut 伤亡 shāngwáng casualties; injuries and deaths 伤员 shāngyuán wounded person 上当 shàngdàng to be fooled; taken in (by sb's deceit); to be duped 上级 shàngjí higher authorities; superiors 上进 shàngjìn to make progress; to do better; fig. ambitious to improve oneself 上市 shàngshì to hit the market (of a new product); to float (a company on the stock market) 上述 shàngshù aforementioned; above-mentioned 上台 shàngtái to rise to power (in politics); to go on stage (in the theater) 上旬 shàngxún first third of a month 少儿 shào’ér child 舌头 shétou tongue 社 shè (bound form) society; organization; agency 射 shè to shoot; to launch; to allude to; radio- (chemistry) 涉及 shèjí to involve; to relate to; to concern; to touch upon 射击 shèjī to shoot; to fire (a gun) 摄像 shèxiàng to videotape 设想 shèxiǎng to imagine; to assume; to envisage; tentative plan 摄像头 shèxiàngtóu webcam; surveillance camera 身心 shēnxīn body and mind; mental and physical 深夜 shēnyè very late at night 神 shén god; deity; supernatural; magical; mysterious; spirit; mind; energy 神经 shénjīng nerve; mental state; (coll.) unhinged; nutjob 神奇 shénqí magical; mystical; miraculous 审美 shěnměi esthetics; appreciating the arts; taste 生成 shēngchéng to generate; to produce; to form; to be formed; to come into being 声调 shēngdiào tone; note; a tone (on a Chinese syllable) 生命力 shēngmìnglì vitality 生态 shēngtài ecology (the study of interactions between organisms and their environment) 升学 shēngxué to enter the next grade school 剩余 shèngyú to remain; to be left over; what remains; what's left 诗词 shīcí verse 湿度 shīdù humidity level 师父 shīfu used for 師傅|师傅 (in Taiwan); master; qualified worker 诗歌 shīgē poem 狮子 shīzi lion 识 shí to know; knowledge; Taiwan pr. [shi4] 拾 shí to pick up; to collate or arrange; ten (banker's anti-fraud numeral) 识别 shíbié to distinguish; to discern; to identify; to recognize 时光 shíguāng time (esp. as sth that passes) 实话 shíhuà truth 实惠 shíhuì tangible benefit; material advantages; cheap; economical 时机 shíjī opportunity; opportune moment 时尚 shíshàng fashion; fad; fashionable 实时 shíshí (in) real time; instantaneous 时速 shísù speed per hour 石油 shíyóu oil; petroleum 食欲 shíyù appetite 实质 shízhì substance; essence 十足 shízú ample; complete; hundred percent; a pure shade (of some color) 使劲 shǐjìn to exert all one's strength 士兵 shìbīng soldier 适度 shìdù moderately; appropriate 示范 shìfàn to demonstrate; to show how to do sth; demonstration; a model example 释放 shìfàng to release (a prisoner); to set free 事后 shìhòu after the event; in hindsight; in retrospect 视觉 shìjué sight; vision; visual 势力 shìlì power; influence; a force (military, political etc) 视力 shìlì eyesight; visual acuity 试图 shìtú to attempt; to try 事务 shìwù (political, economic etc) affairs; work; transaction (as in a computer database) 事项 shìxiàng matter; item 适宜 shìyí suitable; appropriate 收藏 shōucáng to collect (works of art, dolls, antiques etc); to put away for safekeeping; (Internet) to bookmark 收购 shōugòu to purchase or acquire in bulk or at an official level (esp. by a state or organization) 收取 shōuqǔ to receive; to collect 收益 shōuyì earnings; profit 手臂 shǒubì arm (from shoulder to wrist); (fig.) assistant; helper 手法 shǒufǎ technique; trick; skill 手势 shǒushì gesture; sign; signal 首要 shǒuyào the most important; of chief importance 寿命 shòumìng life span; life expectancy; lifetime (of a machine) 受灾 shòuzāi to be hit by a natural calamity; disaster-stricken 输出 shūchū to output; to deliver (energy, data, signals etc) 书画 shūhuà painting and calligraphy 书籍 shūjí books; works 书面 shūmiàn in writing; written 输送 shūsòng to transport; to convey; to deliver 书写 shūxiě to write 属 shǔ to belong to; to be born in the year of (a zodiac animal) 薯片 shǔpiàn fried potato chips 竖 shù vertical; to erect; vertical stroke (in Chinese characters) 树立 shùlì to set up; to establish 数目 shùmù amount; number 数字化 shùzìhuà to digitize 衰老 shuāilǎo old and weak; to age; to deteriorate with age 率领 shuàilǐng to lead; to command; to head 率先 shuàixiān to take the lead; to show initiative 水稻 shuǐdào rice; paddy 水库 shuǐkù reservoir 水流 shuǐliú river; stream 水面 shuǐmiàn water surface 水泥 shuǐní cement 瞬间 shùnjiān in an instant; in a flash 思路 sīlù line of thought; way of thinking 思念 sīniàn to think of; to long for; to miss 死亡 sǐwáng to die; death 松 sōng loose; to loosen; to relax; pine 艘 sōu classifier for ships; Taiwan pr. [sao1] 搜集 sōují to gather; to collect 塑造 sùzào to model; to mold; (fig.) to create (a character, a market, an image etc) 素质 sùzhì inner quality; basic essence 算了 suànle let it be; let it pass; forget about it 算是 suànshì considered to be; at last 虽 suī although; even though 岁数 suìshu age (number of years old) 岁月 suìyuè years; time 损坏 sǔnhuài to damage; to injure 损伤 sǔnshāng to harm; to damage; to injure; impairment 踏实 tāshi firmly-based; steady; steadfast; to have peace of mind 塔 tǎ tower; pagoda 台风 táifēng typhoon 台球 táiqiú billiards 太空 tàikōng outer space 太阳能 tàiyángnéng solar energy 谈论 tánlùn to discuss; to talk about 谈判 tánpàn to negotiate; negotiation; talks; conference 弹性 tánxìng flexibility; elasticity 探索 tànsuǒ to explore; to probe 探讨 tàntǎo to investigate; to probe 汤圆 tāngyuán boiled or deep-fried balls of glutinous rice flour, usually eaten during Lantern Festival 糖果 tángguǒ candy 烫 tàng to scald; scalding hot; to burn (by scalding); to blanch (cooking) 掏 tāo to fish out (from pocket); to scoop 逃 táo to escape; to run away; to flee 逃跑 táopǎo to flee from sth; to run away; to escape 淘气 táoqì naughty; mischievous 淘汰 táotài to wash out; (fig.) to cull; to weed out; to eliminate 套餐 tàocān set meal; (fig.) product or service package (e.g. for a cell phone subscription) 特 tè especially; particularly; special 特长 tècháng personal strength; one's special ability or strong points 特地 tèdì specially; for a special purpose 特定 tèdìng special; specific; designated; particular 特性 tèxìng property; characteristic 特意 tèyì specially; intentionally 题材 tícái subject matter 提取 tíqǔ to withdraw (money); to collect (left luggage); to extract; to refine 提示 tíshì to point out; to remind (sb of sth); to suggest; suggestion 体操 tǐcāo gymnastic; gymnastics 体积 tǐjī volume (amount of space an object occupies) 体系 tǐxì system; setup 添 tiān to add; to increase; to replenish 天才 tiāncái talent; gift; genius; talented 添加 tiānjiā to add; to increase 天然 tiānrán natural 天然气 tiānránqì natural gas 天文 tiānwén astronomy 天下 tiānxià land under heaven; the whole world; the whole of China; realm 天真 tiānzhēn naive; innocent; artless 田 tián field; farm 田径 tiánjìng track and field (athletics) 调节 tiáojié to adjust; to regulate; to harmonize; to reconcile (accountancy etc) 跳水 tiàoshuǐ to dive (into water); (sports) diving; to commit suicide by jumping into water 贴近 tiējìn to press close to; intimate; to snuggle close 听话 tīnghuà obedient; to do what one is told 听觉 tīngjué sense of hearing; auditory 听取 tīngqǔ to hear (news); to listen to 通道 tōngdào (communications) channel; thoroughfare; passage 通风 tōngfēng to ventilate; airy; ventilation; to disclose information 通话 tōnghuà to hold a conversation; to talk over the telephone; phone call 通信 tōngxìn to correspond (by letter, email etc) 通讯 tōngxùn communications; news story; dispatch 通用 tōngyòng to use anywhere, anytime (card, ticket etc) 铜 tóng copper (chemistry) 同伴 tóngbàn companion; comrade; fellow 同行 tóngháng person of the same profession; of the same trade, occupation or industry 童话 tónghuà children's fairy tales 同类 tónglèi similar; same type; alike 铜牌 tóngpái bronze medal; bronze plaque bearing a business name or logo etc 痛快 tòngkuài delighted; to one's heart's content; straightforward; also pr. [tong4 kuai5] 偷 tōu to steal; (bound form) thief; (bound form) secretly; on the sly 偷偷 tōutōu stealthily; secretly; covertly; furtively 头脑 tóunǎo brains; mind; skull; (fig.) gist (of a matter) 投票 tóupiào to vote; to cast a vote 投诉 tóusù to lodge a complaint 投资 tóuzī to invest; investment 透 tòu to penetrate; to seep through; thoroughly; completely; to leak (a secret) 透过 tòuguò to pass through; to penetrate; by means of; via 透露 tòulù to leak out; to divulge; to reveal 透明 tòumíng transparent; (fig.) transparent; open to scrutiny 突发 tūfā to occur suddenly 突破 tūpò to break through; to make a breakthrough; to surmount (an obstacle) 图案 tú’àn design; pattern 图表 túbiǎo chart; diagram 徒弟 túdì apprentice; disciple 途径 tújìng way; means; channel 图像 túxiàng image; picture; graphic 吐 tǔ to spit; to send out (silk from a silkworm, bolls from cotton flowers etc) 土壤 tǔrǎng soil 团结 tuánjié to unite; unity; solidarity; united 团体 tuántǐ group; organization; team 团圆 tuányuán to have a reunion 推测 tuīcè to conjecture; speculation; to surmise; to speculate 推销 tuīxiāo to market; to sell 推行 tuīxíng to implement; to carry out; to introduce (a policy, system, reform etc) 退税 tuìshuì tax rebate or refund 吞 tūn to swallow; to take 拖 tuō to drag; to tow; to trail; to hang down 拖延 tuōyán to delay; to put off; to procrastinate 托运 tuōyùn to consign (goods); to check through (baggage) 挖 wā to dig; to excavate; to scoop out 哇 wā Wow!; sound of a child's crying; sound of vomiting 娃娃 wáwa baby; small child; doll 歪 wāi askew; at a crooked angle; devious; noxious 外表 wàibiǎo external; outside; outward appearance 外交 wàijiāo diplomacy; diplomatic; foreign affairs 外界 wàijiè the outside world; external 外科 wàikē surgery (branch of medicine) 外来 wàilái external; foreign; outside 外甥 wàisheng sister's son; wife's sibling's son 弯曲 wānqū curved; to bend; to curve around; crooked 顽强 wánqiáng tenacious; hard to defeat 万物 wànwù all things; all that exists 王子 wángzǐ prince; son of a king 网 wǎng net; network; internet; web 往后 wǎnghòu from now on; in the future; time to come 往来 wǎnglái to go back and forth; dealings; contacts 往年 wǎngnián in former years; in previous years 望 wàng to look into the distance; to gaze; to hope; to expect 危机 wēijī crisis 微小 wēixiǎo minute (i.e. extremely small); infinitesimal 违规 wéiguī to violate the rules 维护 wéihù to defend; to safeguard; to protect; to uphold 为难 wéinán to feel embarrassed or awkward; to make things difficult (for someone) 围棋 wéiqí the game of Go 为期 wéiqī (to be done) by (a certain date); lasting (a certain time) 维生素 wéishēngsù vitamin 为止 wéizhǐ until 委屈 wěiqu wronged; aggrieved; sense of being wronged 委托 wěituō to entrust; to trust; to commission 未 wèi not yet; did not; have not; not 未必 wèibì not necessarily; maybe not 未成年人 wèichéngniánrén minor (i.e. person under 18) 为此 wèicǐ for this reason; with regards to this; in this respect; in order to do this 为何 wèihé why 味觉 wèijué sense of taste; gustation 胃口 wèikǒu appetite; liking 温和 wēnhé mild; gentle; moderate 温柔 wēnróu gentle and soft; tender; sweet (commonly used to describe a girl or woman) 文档 wéndàng (computer) file; document; documentation 文具 wénjù stationery; item of stationery (pen, pencil, eraser, pencil sharpener etc) 文科 wénkē liberal arts; humanities 文明 wénmíng civilized; civilization; culture 闻名 wénmíng well-known; famous; renowned; eminent 文物 wénwù cultural relic; historical relic 文献 wénxiàn reference material (used in scholarly study) 文艺 wényì literature and art 乌龟 wūguī tortoise; turtle 污水 wūshuǐ sewage 无所谓 wúsuǒwèi to be indifferent; not to matter; cannot be said to be 无疑 wúyí undoubtedly; without doubt 武器 wǔqì weapon; arms 误 wù to miss (a train, a deadline); mistake; error; by mistake 误解 wùjiě to misunderstand; misunderstanding 物体 wùtǐ object; body; substance 吸取 xīqǔ to absorb; to draw (a lesson, insight etc); to assimilate 媳妇 xífu daughter-in-law; wife of a younger brother or relative of the younger generation 习俗 xísú custom; tradition; local tradition; convention 喜剧 xǐjù a comedy 喜事 xǐshì happy occasion; wedding 洗漱 xǐshù to wash the face and rinse the mouth 细胞 xìbāo cell (biology) 细菌 xìjūn bacterium; germ 系列 xìliè series; set 戏曲 xìqǔ Chinese opera 细致 xìzhì delicate; fine; careful; meticulous 吓 xià to frighten; to scare 下功夫 xià gōngfu to put in time and energy; to concentrate one's efforts 下单 xiàdān to place an order; to order 夏令营 xiàlìngyíng summer camp 下线 xiàxiàn to go offline; (of a product) to roll off the assembly line 下旬 xiàxún last third of the month 鲜明 xiānmíng (of colors) bright; fresh and clear; clear-cut; distinct 先前 xiānqián before; previously 鲜艳 xiānyàn bright-colored; gaily-colored 嫌 xián to dislike; suspicion; resentment; enmity 显 xiǎn prominent; to make visible; to reveal; conspicuous 险 xiǎn dangerous; danger; nearly 显著 xiǎnzhù outstanding; notable; remarkable; statistically significant 限 xiàn to limit; to restrict; (bound form) limit; bound 线 xiàn thread; string; wire; line 现存 xiàncún extant; existent; in stock 限度 xiàndù limit 现货 xiànhuò merchandise or commodities available immediately after sale; available item 陷入 xiànrù to sink into; to get caught up in; to land in (a predicament) 线索 xiànsuǒ trail; clues; thread (of a story) 限于 xiànyú to be limited to; to be confined to 相差 xiāngchà to differ 香肠 xiāngcháng sausage 相传 xiāngchuán to pass on; to hand down; tradition has it that ...; according to legend 相等 xiāngděng equal; equally; equivalent 相连 xiānglián to link; to join; link; connection 香水 xiāngshuǐ perfume; cologne 相应 xiāngyìng to correspond; answering (one another); to agree (among the part); corresponding 项链 xiàngliàn necklace 象棋 xiàngqí Chinese chess 相声 xiàngsheng comic dialogue; sketch; crosstalk 向往 xiàngwǎng to yearn for; to look forward to 消除 xiāochú to eliminate; to remove 消毒 xiāodú to disinfect; to sterilize 消防 xiāofáng firefighting; fire control 消耗 xiāohào to consume; to use up; to deplete; to expend 消灭 xiāomiè to put an end to; to annihilate; to cause to perish; to perish 小麦 xiǎomài wheat 小气 xiǎoqi stingy; miserly; narrow-minded; petty 小偷儿 xiǎotōur erhua form of 小偷[xiao3 tou1] 笑容 xiàoróng smile; smiling expression 效应 xiàoyìng effect (scientific phenomenon) 歇 xiē to rest; to take a break; to stop; to halt 携带 xiédài to carry (on one's person); to support (old); Taiwan pr. [xi1 dai4] 协会 xiéhuì an association; a society 协调 xiétiáo harmonious; to coordinate; to harmonize; to fit together 协助 xiézhù to provide assistance; to aid 心爱 xīn’ài beloved 心底 xīndǐ bottom of one's heart 新款 xīnkuǎn new style; latest fashion; new model 心灵 xīnlíng bright; smart; quick-witted; heart 新媒体 xīnméitǐ new media (digital media, as contrasted with traditional media) 心目 xīnmù mind 新能源 xīnnéngyuán new energy; alternative energy (energy from nontraditional sources, such as solar, wind, nuclear and hydrogen energy) 薪水 xīnshui salary; wage 心疼 xīnténg to love dearly; to feel sorry for sb; to regret; to grudge 新兴 xīnxīng (of markets, industries, infectious diseases etc) rising; emerging 新颖 xīnyǐng lit. new bud; fig. new and original 心愿 xīnyuàn cherished desire; dream; craving; wish 心脏 xīnzàng heart 信赖 xìnlài to trust; to have confidence in; to have faith in; to rely on 信念 xìnniàn faith; belief; conviction 兴起 xīngqǐ to rise; to spring up; to burgeon; to be aroused 型号 xínghào model (particular version of a manufactured article) 形态 xíngtài shape; form; pattern; morphology 性价比 xìngjiàbǐ cost-performance ratio 性能 xìngnéng function; performance; behavior 胸 xiōng chest; bosom; heart; mind 修订 xiūdìng to revise 修复 xiūfù to restore; to renovate; (computing) to repair (a corrupted file etc) 袖子 xiùzi sleeve 许可 xǔkě to allow; to permit 叙述 xùshù to relate (a story or information); to tell or talk about; to recount; narration 旋转 xuánzhuǎn to rotate; to revolve; to spin; to whirl 选拔 xuǎnbá to select the best 选修 xuǎnxiū (at a school) to take as an elective; an elective; elective (subject) 学会 xuéhuì institute; learned society; (scholarly) association; to learn; to master 学位 xuéwèi academic degree; place in school 学问 xuéwen learning; knowledge; scholarship 学员 xuéyuán student; member of an institution of learning; officer cadet 血管 xuèguǎn vein; artery 血型 xuèxíng blood group; blood type 血压 xuèyā blood pressure 血液 xuèyè blood; (fig.) lifeblood 循环 xúnhuán to cycle; to circulate; circle; loop 寻求 xúnqiú to seek; to look for 压缩 yāsuō to compress; compression 亚军 yàjūn second place (in a sports contest); runner-up 淹 yān to flood; to submerge; to drown; to irritate the skin (of liquids) 淹没 yānmò to submerge; to drown; to flood; to drown out (also fig.) 严 yán tight (closely sealed); stern; strict; rigorous 沿海 yánhǎi coastal 严寒 yánhán bitter cold; severe winter 严禁 yánjìn to strictly prohibit 严厉 yánlì severe; strict 延期 yánqī to delay; to extend; to postpone; to defer 炎热 yánrè blistering hot; sizzling hot (weather) 延伸 yánshēn to extend; to stretch; to expand; to spread 研讨 yántǎo discussion 延续 yánxù to continue; to go on; to last 言语 yányǔ words; speech; (spoken) language 炎症 yánzhèng inflammation 眼光 yǎnguāng gaze; insight; foresight; vision 眼看 yǎnkàn to look on as sth happens; soon; in a moment 演奏 yǎnzòu to perform on a musical instrument 宴会 yànhuì banquet; feast; dinner party 验证 yànzhèng to inspect and verify; experimental verification; to validate (a theory) 仰 yǎng to face upward; to look up; to admire; to rely on 痒 yǎng to itch; to tickle 养老 yǎnglǎo to provide for the elderly (family members); to enjoy a life in retirement 养老院 yǎnglǎoyuàn nursing home 氧气 yǎngqì oxygen 样 yàng classifier: kind, type; manner; pattern; way 遥远 yáoyuǎn distant; remote 要点 yàodiǎn main point; essential 要么 yàome or; either one or the other 要素 yàosù essential factor; key constituent 野 yě wild; uncultivated; untamed; field; open country 也好 yěhǎo that's fine; may as well; (reduplicated) regardless of whether ... or ... 野生 yěshēng (of animals, plants etc) wild 野外 yěwài countryside; areas outside the city 业 yè line of business; industry; occupation; job 液体 yètǐ liquid 依旧 yījiù to remain the same; as before; still 依赖 yīlài to depend on; to be dependent on 一流 yīliú top quality; front ranking 衣食住行 yī-shí-zhù-xíng (lit.) clothing, food, housing and transportation (idiom) 医药 yīyào medical care and medicines; medicine (drug); medical; pharmaceutical 一一 yīyī one by one; one after another 姨 yí mother's sister; aunt 一辈子 yíbèizi (for) a lifetime 遗产 yíchǎn heritage; legacy; inheritance; bequest 遗传 yíchuán to inherit (a trait); heredity; to pass on (to one's offspring) 一带 yídài region; area 一道 yídào together 一贯 yíguàn consistent; constant; from start to finish; all along 疑惑 yíhuò to doubt; unconvincing; to distrust; to puzzle over 一律 yílǜ same; identical; uniformly; all; without exception 移民 yímín to immigrate; emigrant; to migrate; immigrant 仪器 yíqì instrument; apparatus 仪式 yíshì ceremony 一向 yíxiàng a period of time in the recent past 一系列 yíxìliè a series of; a string of 一再 yízài repeatedly 一阵 yízhèn a burst; a fit; a peal; a spell (period of time) 遗址 yízhǐ ruins; historic relics 以便 yǐbiàn so that; so as to; in order to 以免 yǐmiǎn in order to avoid; so as not to 以往 yǐwǎng in the past; formerly 异常 yìcháng unusual; abnormal; extremely; exceptionally 益处 yìchù benefit 一帆风顺 yìfān-fēngshùn propitious wind throughout the journey (idiom); plain sailing; to go smoothly 一口气 yìkǒuqì one breath; in one breath; at a stretch 议论 yìlùn to comment; discussion; to talk about; to discuss 一模一样 yìmú-yíyàng (idiom) exactly alike; identical; also pr. [yi1mo2-yi1yang4] 艺人 yìrén entertainer; performing artist; artisan; craftsman 一身 yìshēn whole body; from head to toe; single person; a suit of clothes 一时 yìshí a period of time; a while; for a short while; temporary 一同 yìtóng together 易于 yìyú very likely; prone to 抑制 yìzhì to inhibit; to keep down; to suppress 因 yīn because; because of; cause; reason 音节 yīnjié syllable 银 yín silver; silver-colored; relating to money or currency 银牌 yínpái silver medal 引 yǐn to draw (e.g. a bow); to pull; to stretch sth; to extend 隐藏 yǐncáng to hide; to conceal; to mask; to shelter 引导 yǐndǎo to guide; to lead (around); to conduct; to boot 引发 yǐnfā to lead to; to trigger; to initiate; to cause 引入 yǐnrù to draw into; to pull into; to introduce 隐私 yǐnsī secrets; private business; privacy 饮用水 yǐnyòngshuǐ drinking water; potable water 印 yìn a seal; to print; to mark; to engrave 婴儿 yīng’ér infant; baby; lead (Pb) 英雄 yīngxióng hero 影子 yǐngzi shadow; reflection; (fig.) hint; indication 拥挤 yōngjǐ to throng; crowded; congestion 涌现 yǒngxiàn to emerge in large numbers; to spring up; to emerge prominently 勇于 yǒngyú to dare to; to be brave enough to 用餐 yòngcān to eat a meal 用处 yòngchù usefulness 用功 yònggōng to study hard; diligent; industrious (in one's studies); to make great effort 用人 yòngrén to employ sb for a job; servant; to manage people; to be in need of staff 用心 yòngxīn motive; intention; to be diligent or attentive; careful 优化 yōuhuà to optimize; (corporate euphemism) to lay off staff 优先 yōuxiān to have priority; to take precedence 优异 yōuyì exceptional; outstandingly good 由来 yóulái origin 游人 yóurén a tourist 犹如 yóurú similar to; like 有机 yǒujī organic 有劲 yǒujìn vigorous; energetic; interesting; amusing 有序 yǒuxù regular; orderly; successive; in order 于 yú (of time or place) in; at; on; (indicating a source) from; out of 余额 yú’é balance (of an account, bill etc); surplus; remainder 与其 yǔqí rather than (as in 与其…不如…) 羽绒服 yǔróngfú down jacket; down coat 预定 yùdìng to arrange in advance 预料 yùliào to forecast; expectation; to anticipate 预期 yùqī to expect; to anticipate 浴室 yùshì bathroom; shower room (CL:間|间[jian1]); bathhouse 欲望 yùwàng desire; longing; appetite; craving 原本 yuánběn originally; the original; original copy; original version 原材料 yuáncáiliào raw and semifinished materials 原理 yuánlǐ principle; theory 原料 yuánliào raw material 园林 yuánlín gardens; park; landscape garden 圆满 yuánmǎn satisfactory; consummate; perfect 原始 yuánshǐ first; original; primitive; original (document etc) 元素 yuánsù element (key component of sth); (chemistry) element 原先 yuánxiān originally; original; former 元宵 yuánxiāo Lantern Festival; night of the 15th of the first lunar month 源于 yuányú has its origins in 远程 yuǎnchéng remote; long distance; long range 远方 yuǎnfāng far away; a distant location 约束 yuēshù to restrict; to limit to; to constrain; restriction 月光 yuèguāng moonlight 乐器 yuèqì musical instrument 月球 yuèqiú the moon 乐曲 yuèqǔ musical composition 晕 yūn confused; to faint; dizzy; giddy 晕车 yùnchē to be carsick 运送 yùnsòng to transport; to carry 运行 yùnxíng (of celestial bodies etc) to move along one's course; (of a computer) to run 运营 yùnyíng to be in operation; to do business; (of train, bus etc) to be in service 杂 zá mixed; miscellaneous; various; to mix 灾 zāi disaster; calamity 灾害 zāihài calamity; disaster 灾难 zāinàn disaster; catastrophe 灾区 zāiqū disaster area; stricken region 再三 zàisān over and over again; again and again 再生 zàishēng to be reborn; to regenerate; to be a second so-and-so (famous dead person) 在意 zàiyì to care about; to mind 赞赏 zànshǎng to admire; to praise; to appreciate 赞同 zàntóng to approve of; to agree with (an opinion, action etc); to endorse 遭到 zāodào to suffer; to meet with (sth unfortunate) 遭受 zāoshòu to suffer; to sustain (loss, misfortune) 遭遇 zāoyù to meet with; to encounter (esp. misfortune or hardship) 噪声 zàoshēng noise 造型 zàoxíng to model; to shape; appearance; style; design; form; pose 则 zé then; in that case; (in contrast) but; however 扎 zhā to prick; to run or stick (a needle etc) into; (of troops) to be stationed (at) 粘 zhān to glue; to paste; to adhere; to stick to 粘贴 zhāntiē to stick; to affix; to adhere; to paste (as in "copy and paste") 崭新 zhǎnxīn brand new 占比 zhànbǐ proportion; percentage 战斗 zhàndòu struggle; to fight; to engage in combat; battle 占据 zhànjù to occupy; to hold 战胜 zhànshèng to prevail over; to defeat; to surmount 占有 zhànyǒu to have; to own; to hold; to occupy 战争 zhànzhēng war; conflict 章 zhāng chapter; section; clause; movement (of symphony) 长辈 zhǎngbèi one's elders; older generation 障碍 zhàng’ài barrier; obstruction; hindrance; impediment 账单 zhàngdān bill 招 zhāo to recruit; to attract; to wave; to beckon; to provoke 招待 zhāodài to hold a reception; to offer hospitality; to entertain (guests); to serve (customers) 招生 zhāoshēng to enroll new students; to get students 招手 zhāoshǒu to wave; to beckon 招收 zhāoshōu to hire; to recruit 照明 zhàomíng to light up; lighting; illumination; to illuminate 折 zhé to fold; to break; to snap; discount (as in 打折) 针 zhēn needle; pin; injection; stitch 真相 zhēnxiàng the truth about sth; the actual facts 珍珠 zhēnzhū pearl (CL:顆|颗[ke1],粒[li4]); (fig.) teardrop; tear 枕头 zhěntou pillow 镇 zhèn town; to press down; to calm; to suppress 阵雨 zhènyǔ shower (rain) 睁 zhēng to open (one's eyes) 争吵 zhēngchǎo to quarrel; dispute 争夺 zhēngduó to fight over; to contest; to vie over 争论 zhēnglùn to argue; to debate; to contend; argument 征求 zhēngqiú to solicit; to seek; to request (opinions, feedback etc); to petition 争议 zhēngyì to dispute; controversy; dispute 政策 zhèngcè policy 正规 zhèngguī regular; according to standards 正面 zhèngmiàn front; obverse side; right side; positive 证实 zhèngshí to confirm (sth to be true); to verify 正义 zhèngyì justice; righteousness; just; righteous 症状 zhèngzhuàng symptom (of an illness) 枝 zhī branch; classifier for sticks, rods, pencils etc 支撑 zhīchēng to prop up; to support; strut; brace 支出 zhīchū to spend; to pay out; expenses; expenditure 脂肪 zhīfáng fat (in the body, in a plant, or in food) 之所以 zhīsuǒyǐ (after a noun N and before a predicate P) the reason why N P 值班 zhíbān to work a shift; on duty 职位 zhíwèi position; post; job 职务 zhíwù post; position; job; duties 职员 zhíyuán office worker; staff member 职责 zhízé duty; responsibility; obligation 侄子 zhízi brother's son; nephew 只得 zhǐdé to have no alternative but to; to be obliged to 指定 zhǐdìng to appoint; to assign; to indicate clearly and with certainty; designated 只顾 zhǐgù to focus solely on; to pay attention only to; to be preoccupied with 指挥 zhǐhuī to conduct; conductor (of an orchestra); to command; to direct 指示 zhǐshì to point out; directives; to indicate; to instruct 指责 zhǐzé to criticize; to find fault with; to denounce 制 zhì to make; to manufacture; to control; to restrict; system 至关重要 zhìguān-zhòngyào extremely important; vital; crucial; essential 智力 zhìlì intelligence; intellect 治理 zhìlǐ to govern; to administer; to manage; to control 制品 zhìpǐn products; goods 秩序 zhìxù order; orderliness (in society, in the classroom, on the roads etc) 质疑 zhìyí to call into question; to challenge (the truth or validity of) 至于 zhìyú to go so far as to; as for; as to 中等 zhōngděng medium 终点 zhōngdiǎn the end; end point; finishing line (in a race); destination 中断 zhōngduàn to cut short; to break off; to discontinue; to interrupt 终身 zhōngshēn lifelong; all one's life; marriage 钟头 zhōngtóu (coll.) hour 中旬 zhōngxún middle third of a month 中央 zhōngyāng central; middle; center; central authorities (of a state) 肿 zhǒng to swell; swelling; swollen 种地 zhòngdì to farm; to work the land 中毒 zhòngdú to be poisoned 中奖 zhòngjiǎng to win a prize (in a lottery etc) 众人 zhòngrén everyone 中暑 zhòngshǔ sunstroke; heatstroke; to suffer heat exhaustion 众所周知 zhòngsuǒzhōuzhī (idiom) as everyone knows 重心 zhòngxīn focus; emphasis; priority; (physics) center of gravity; (geometry) centroid 州 zhōu prefecture; state (e.g. of US); oblast (Russia); canton (Switzerland) 粥 zhōu congee; gruel; porridge 周边 zhōubiān periphery; rim; perimeter; surroundings; (computing) (attributive) peripheral 周到 zhōudào thoughtful; considerate; attentive; thorough 周期 zhōuqī period; cycle 株 zhū classifier for trees or plants; tree trunk; stump (tree root); a plant 珠宝 zhūbǎo pearls; jewels; precious stones 诸多 zhūduō (used for abstract things) a good deal, a lot of 主办 zhǔbàn to organize; to host (a conference or sports event) 主播 zhǔbō (news) anchor; (program) host; (Internet) streamer 主导 zhǔdǎo to lead; leading; dominant; prevailing 主管 zhǔguǎn in charge; responsible for; person in charge; manager 主角 zhǔjué leading role; lead; protagonist 主流 zhǔliú main stream (of a river); fig. the essential point; main viewpoint of a matter 主演 zhǔyǎn to play the leading role; to star; lead actor 主张 zhǔzhāng to advocate; view; to stand for; position 祝福 zhùfú to wish sb well; blessings 助理 zhùlǐ assistant 助手 zhùshǒu assistant; helper 祝愿 zhùyuàn to wish 住宅 zhùzhái residence; dwelling; abode 著作 zhùzuò literary work; to write; book; article 砖 zhuān brick; tile (floor or wall, not roof) 专科 zhuānkē specialized subject; branch (of medicine); specialized training school 专利 zhuānlì patent; sth uniquely enjoyed (or possessed etc) by a certain group of people 专题 zhuāntí specific topic (addressed by a book, lecture, TV program etc) 专用 zhuānyòng special; dedicated 专注 zhuānzhù to focus; to concentrate; to give one's full attention 转换 zhuǎnhuàn to change; to switch; to convert; to transform 转交 zhuǎnjiāo to pass on to sb; to carry and give to sb else 转让 zhuǎnràng to transfer (ownership, rights etc) 转身 zhuǎnshēn to turn around; to turn one's back 转移 zhuǎnyí to shift; to relocate; to transfer; (medicine) to metastasize 转动 zhuàndòng to rotate (about an axis); to revolve; to turn; to move in a circle 装备 zhuāngbèi to equip; equipment; to outfit 庄稼 zhuāngjia farm crop 追究 zhuījiū to investigate; to look into 捉 zhuō to clutch; to grab; to capture 资本 zīběn capital (economics) 资产 zīchǎn property; assets 自豪 zìháo proud (of one's achievements etc) 自来水 zìláishuǐ running water; tap water 自律 zìlǜ self-discipline; self-regulation; autonomy (ethics); autonomic (physiology) 字幕 zìmù subtitles; captions (of a movie etc) 自杀 zìshā to kill oneself; to commit suicide; to attempt suicide 自我 zìwǒ the self; oneself; self-; (psychology) ego 自言自语 zìyán-zìyǔ (idiom) to talk to oneself; to think aloud; to soliloquize 自愿 zìyuàn voluntary 自助 zìzhù self-service 棕色 zōngsè brown 总裁 zǒngcái chairman; director-general (of a company etc) 总计 zǒngjì (grand) total 总理 zǒnglǐ premier; prime minister 总算 zǒngsuàn at long last; finally; on the whole 粽子 zòngzi glutinous rice and choice of filling wrapped in leaves and steamed or boiled 走廊 zǒuláng corridor; aisle; hallway; passageway; veranda 足 zú (bound form) foot; leg; sufficient; ample; as much as; fully 足以 zúyǐ sufficient to...; so much so that; so that 阻碍 zǔ’ài to obstruct; obstruction; to hinder; to block 阻挡 zǔdǎng to stop; to resist; to obstruct 祖国 zǔguó motherland 祖先 zǔxiān ancestors; forebears 钻 zuān to drill; to bore; to get into; to make one's way into 罪 zuì guilt; crime; fault; blame